Class 6 ๐“๐ก๐ž ๐Œ๐จ๐จ๐ง , ๐€๐ฌ๐ญ๐ž๐ซ๐จ๐ข๐๐ฌ , ๐Œ๐ž๐ญ๐ž๐จ๐ซ๐จ๐ข๐๐ฌ , ๐„๐ฑ๐ž๐ซ๐œ๐ข๐ฌ๐ž๐ฌ

๐“๐ก๐ž ๐Œ๐จ๐จ๐ง


`color{green}(โ€ข)` Our earth has only one satellite, that is, the moon.

`color{green}(โ€ข)` Its diametre is only one-quarter that of the earth.

`color{green}(โ€ข)` It appears so big because it is nearer to our planet than other celestial bodies.

`color{green}(โ€ข)` It is about 3,84,400 km away from us.

`color{green}(โ€ข)` Now you can compare the distance of the earth from the sun and that from the moon.

`color{green}(โ€ข)` The moon moves around the earth in about 27 days.

`color{green}(โ€ข)` It takes exactly the same time to complete one spin.

`color{green}(โ€ข)` As a result, only one side of the moon is visible to us on the earth.

`color{green}(โ€ข)` The moon does not have conditions favourable for life.


`color{green}(โ€ข)` It has neither water nor air. It has mountains, plains and depressions on its surface.

`color{green}(โ€ข)` These cast shadows on the moonโ€™s surface. Look at the full moon and observe these shadows.

๐€๐ฌ๐ญ๐ž๐ซ๐จ๐ข๐๐ฌ


`color{green}(โ€ข)` Apart from the stars, planets and satellites, there are numerous tiny bodies which also move around the sun.

`color{green}(โ€ข)` These bodies are called asteroids.

`color{green}(โ€ข)` They are found between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter (Figure 1.2). Scientists are of the view that asteroids are parts of a planet which exploded many years back.

๐Œ๐ž๐ญ๐ž๐จ๐ซ๐จ๐ข๐๐ฌ

`color{green}(โ€ข)` The small pieces of rocks which move around the sun are called meteoroids.

`color{green}(โ€ข)` Sometimes these meteoroids come near the earth and tend to drop upon it.

`color{green}(โ€ข)` During this process due to friction with the air they get heated up and burm.

`color{green}(โ€ข)` It causes a flash of light.

`color{green}(โ€ข)` Sometimes, a meteor without being completely burnt, falls on the earth and creates a hollow.

`color{green}(โ€ข)` Do you see a whitish broad band, like a white glowing path across the sky on a clear starry night?

`color{green}(โ€ข)` It is a cluster of millions of stars.

`color{green}(โ€ข)` This band is the Milky Way galaxy (Figure 1.6).

`color{green}(โ€ข)` Our solar system is a part of this galaxy.

`color{green}(โ€ข)` In ancient India, it was imagined to be a river of light flowing in the sky.

`color{green}(โ€ข)` Thus, it was named Akash Ganga.

`color{green}(โ€ข)` A galaxy is a huge system of billions of stars, and clouds of dust and gases.

`color{green}(โ€ข)` There are millions of such galaxies that make the Universe.

`color{green}(โ€ข)` It is difficult to imagine how big the universe is. Scientists are still trying to find out more and more about it.

`color{green}(โ€ข)` We are not certain about its size but we know that all of us โ€“ you and I belong to this universe.

๐„๐ฑ๐ž๐ซ๐œ๐ข๐ฌ๐ž๐ฌ

`color{green}(โ€ข)` ๐Ÿ. ๐€๐ง๐ฌ๐ฐ๐ž๐ซ ๐ญ๐ก๐ž ๐Ÿ๐จ๐ฅ๐ฅ๐จ๐ฐ๐ข๐ง๐  ๐ช๐ฎ๐ž๐ฌ๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง๐ฌ ๐›๐ซ๐ข๐ž๐Ÿ๐ฅ๐ฒ.

(a) How does a planet differ from a star?

(b) What is meant by the โ€˜Solar Systemโ€™?

(c) Name all the planets according to their distance from the sun.

(d) Why is the Earth called a unique planet?

(e) Why do we see only one side of the moon always?

(f) What is the Universe ?

`color{green}(โ€ข)` ๐Ÿ. ๐…๐ข๐ฅ๐ฅ ๐ข๐ง ๐ญ๐ก๐ž ๐›๐ฅ๐š๐ง๐ค๐ฌ.

(a) A group of ________ forming various patterns is called a ________.

(b) A huge system of stars is called________.

(c) ________is the closest celestial body to our earth.

(d) ________is the third nearest planet to the sun.

(e) Planets do not have their own________ and ___________________.

 
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